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What is air waybill (AWB)?

An Air Waybill (AWB) is a critical document used in the transportation of goods by air. It serves as a contract of carriage between the shipper (consignor) and the carrier (airline). The AWB provides essential information about the shipment, including the origin, destination, contents, and terms of transportation. Here’s an explanation of the key elements and functions of an Air Waybill:

1. Shipment details: The AWB contains information about the shipper and consignee, including their names, addresses, and contact details. It also includes the origin airport, destination airport, and any intermediate airports involved in the transportation.

2. Description of goods: The AWB provides a description of the goods being transported. This includes details such as the nature of the goods, quantity, weight, dimensions, and any special handling instructions. It helps the carrier identify and handle the shipment appropriately.

3. Terms of transportation: The AWB specifies the terms and conditions of transportation, including the agreed-upon freight charges, payment instructions, and any applicable surcharges or fees. It may also include information about the liability and insurance coverage for the shipment.

4. Tracking and tracing: The AWB typically contains a unique identification number or barcode that allows for easy tracking and tracing of the shipment. This enables the shipper, consignee, and carrier to monitor the progress of the shipment throughout its journey.

5. Customs documentation: The AWB serves as a customs declaration, providing the necessary information for customs clearance at the origin and destination countries. It includes details such as the declared value of the goods, the country of origin, and any required customs documentation or permits.

6. Proof of contract: The AWB serves as proof of the contractual agreement between the shipper and the carrier. It outlines the rights, obligations, and responsibilities of both parties during the transportation of the goods. The shipper receives a copy of the AWB as evidence of the shipment, while the carrier retains a copy for their records.

7. Non-negotiable document: Unlike a bill of lading used in sea freight, the Air Waybill is a non-negotiable document. It means that the possession of the AWB does not confer ownership of the goods or the right to claim them. The consignee or authorized recipient can take possession of the goods upon presenting valid identification and complying with any customs procedures.

8. Electronic format: With the increasing digitization of processes, the Air Waybill is commonly issued and transmitted electronically. Electronic Air Waybills (e-AWBs) facilitate faster and more efficient processing of air cargo shipments, reducing paperwork and enhancing data accuracy.

The Air Waybill is a crucial document in air cargo transportation, enabling the smooth flow of goods from the shipper to the consignee. It ensures proper documentation, tracking, and handling of the shipment while providing contractual protection for both parties involved in the transportation process.